Video Assisted Teaching Program on Prevention of Vector Borne Diseases among adults in a selected Community Thrissur District

Seeja Jacob¹, Hensa C A², Angela Gnanadurai³, Angel Treesa⁴, Anjana P W⁴, Anjana Thomas⁴,

Anlin Roy⁴, Sandra C S⁴, Sandra Elizabeth⁴, Sandra Mary Varghese⁴, Sandra Shony⁴

¹Assistant Professor, Jubilee Mission College of Nursing,

Department of Community Health Nursing, Jubilee Mission College of Nursing, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

²Assistant Professor, Jubilee Mission College of Nursing,

Department of Community Health Nursing, Jubilee Mission College of Nursing, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

³Principal, Jubilee Mission College of Nursing,

Department of Community Health Nursing, Jubilee Mission College of Nursing, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

⁴Fourth Year, B.Sc Nursing Students,

Department of Community Health Nursing, Jubilee Mission College of Nursing, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: seejajacob2010@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

The present study titled “Video Assisted Teaching Program on Prevention of Vector Borne Diseases among Adults in a Selected Community” was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on prevention of vector borne diseases among the people. Objective: To assess knowledge and practice on preventing vector-borne illnesses among adult. To compare knowledge and practice before and after the video-assisted instruction. To find the correlation between knowledge and practice among the adults for preventing vector-borne illnesses. To determine the relation between the awareness and practice on vector borne diseases with selected socio-demographic variables. Methodology: A study was carried out in a sample size of 100 and the people at age between 18 to 60 years. The design of the research was non experimental one group pretest posttest design and the sample was collected by non-probability purposive sampling. Result: Sociodemographic and clinical data revealed that 40(40%) belongs to age group >49 years, 81 % had primary education, 44% were married, 73% were above poverty line ,89% had own well ,48% had undersurface drainage, 92% were following own property for dumping waste 92%,media of knowledge 44 % of sample were using TV as media of knowledge,74 % were using burning as methods of waste disposal ,95% kept their locality clean,72 % cleansed their water sources once weekly ,95 % had no past history of infection and 96% of people wasn’t hospitalized for these infection. The results shows that good knowledge and good practice score were increased from 43% to 97% and 55% to 100% respectively after video assisted teaching program. The mean knowledge score and mean practice score was raised from 20.60 to 32.02 and 7.64 to 9.21 with p value of 0.001 and <0.001. Discussion. Knowledge and practice following a video-assisted instruction programe was increased. Therefore, H₁ is accepted. There is correlation (p =<0.05, r=0.891) between knowledge and practice on vector borne diseases, therefore H₂ is accepted. The cleanliness of locality (p =0.001) and dry day practice (p =0.034) is associated with knowledge and practice, therefore H₃ is accepted. Proper education about vector-borne illnesses can enhance awareness and practice among the individuals in the society to a great extent.

KEYWORDS: Vector borne diseases, Video assisted education programme, Prevention, Effectiveness, Awareness and practice.

INTRODUCTION:

Vectors are organisms that spread infectious agents from one host to another, either among humans or from animals to humans¹. After becoming infected, a vector usually remains capable of transmitting the pathogen throughout its lifetime, commonly during each subsequent bite or blood meal². The majority of deaths due to vector-borne diseases occur among children under five years of age. Dengue is the most widespread viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes². More than 3.9 billion people across 129 countries are at risk of dengue infection, with approximately 96 million symptomatic cases and around 40,000 deaths reported annually Other viral diseases transmitted by vectors include chikungunya fever, Zika virus disease, yellow fever, West Nile fever, and Japanese encephalitis (all transmitted by mosquitoes), as well as tick-borne encephalitis (transmitted by ticks)3.Vector-borne diseases are responsible for a substantial portion of the global disease burden causing 1.4 million deaths annually and 17% of the entire disease burden caused by parasitic and infectious disease³

Many vector-borne diseases can be prevented by adopting protective measures and promoting community participation. Behavioral change plays a key role in reducing the burden of vector-borne diseases³. These diseases are more prevalent in areas with inadequate housing, lack of safe drinking water, and poor sanitation.⁴

Access to safe water and sanitation are essential components in the control and elimination of diseases⁵. In this regard, the need to provide health education and enhance public awareness is crucial so that individuals can protect themselves and their communities from mosquitoes, ticks, flies, and other disease-carrying vectors.⁶

Data from Kerala indicate a major outbreak in 2017 with 21,993 cases and 165 deaths. Chikungunya cases ranged from 54 to 210 without reported mortality. Japanese encephalitis cases ranged from 0 to 102 with 0 to 8 deaths. West Nile virus was first reported in 2011 with 33 cases.⁷

A recent study conducted in 2016 in the rural field practice areas of Kurnool Medical College assessed awareness of vector-borne diseases and education on preventive measures. The study reported significant improvements in habits such as avoiding open sleeping, cleaning water containers weekly, and covering water storage tanks, which reduced the incidence of vector-borne diseases.

A recent study assessing awareness of vector-borne diseases and education on their preventive measures was conducted in 2016 in the rural field practice areas of Kurnool Medical College. The result was that there were significant improvement in the habits such as avoiding sleeping, cleaning water containers weekly and covering of water storage tanks with lid and it reduced the incidence of vector borne diseases at that time.⁸

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Vector-borne diseases are responsible for a substantial portion of the global disease burden, causing approximately 1.4 million deaths annually and accounting for nearly 17% of all infectious diseases⁹. Control of vectors is often the most effective and sometimes the only method to protect populations from these diseases^6,10. With adequate preventive measures, the occurrence of these diseases can be significantly reduced, thereby saving many lives¹¹.

Enhancing the knowledge of the local community is essential for effective prevention and control of vector-borne diseases¹². In this context, the need for structured health education interventions, such as video-assisted teaching programs, becomes highly relevant in improving awareness and promoting preventive practices¹³. A recent study on awareness about vector borne diseases and education on its preventive measures in rural field and practice areas of kurnool medical college were conducted in 2016. The study was community based longitudinal study conducted in five villages of practice area of kurnool medical college. Samples of 50 houses were examined from each village before interventions. The result was that there were significant improvement in the habits such as avoiding sleeping, cleaning water containers weekly and covering of water storage tanks with lid slids and it reduced the incidence of vector borne diseases at that time^12,13.

Many vector-borne diseases are preventable through protective measures and community mobilization. Behavioral change is a crucial element in reducing the burden of vector-borne diseases^6,13. These diseases are more prevalent in areas lacking adequate housing, safe drinking water, and proper sanitation. Access to safe water and sanitation is therefore an essential factor in disease control and elimination.

In this context, there is a need to provide health education and improve public awareness so that individuals can protect themselves and their communities from mosquitoes, ticks, flies, and other disease-carrying vectors.

RESEARCH QUESTION:

What impact does a video-assisted teaching program have on the knowledge and practices related to the prevention of vector-borne diseases among adults in a selected community of Thrissur district?

RESEARCH APPROACH:

A quantitative research approach

Research Design:

One group pre - test - post - test design is used to assess the Effect of Video-Assisted Instruction Program on awareness and practice about prevention of vector borne diseases among adults in a selected community in Thrissur district.

Research Variable:

Dependent variable: Level of awareness and practice regarding prevention of vector borne diseases.

Independent variable:

Video-Assisted Instruction

Setting:

The research is conducted in Kachery area of ward no: 22 under Thrissur corporation.

Population:

Adults age group between 18-60yrs.

Sampling technique:

Non probability purposive sampling technique

Sample:

Sample size was 100. The adults age group between 18-60yrs. The selection of sample through non probability purposive sampling technique. The research is conducted in Kachery area of ward no: 22 under Thrissur corporation.

Data Collection tools: The tool used for the study have three sections.

Section A- Socio demographic and clinical data questionnaire. It consists of 13 items such as Age, No. of family members, Religion, Education, Marital Status, Economic status, Area of living, Water source, Drainage system, Place of dumping waste, Knowledge regarding prevention of vector, Media of knowledge, Mode of household waste disposal.

Section B- self administered knowledge assessment questionnaire. Knowledge regarding vector-borne diseases was assessed using a structured knowledge questionnaire, which contains thirty-five questions. Questions are about knowledge regarding prevention of vector borne diseases which is distributed under five main domains: About causes, mode of transmission, signs and symptoms, prevention and treatment of vector borne diseases.

Section C- Self administered practice checklist. Assessment of practice regarding vector borne diseases was done by using a self-administered practice checklist which contains 10 questions. Questions are about the practices that helped the people to prevent vector borne diseases. This section includes a total of 35 questions with one score for each correct item. Intervention is video assisted teaching program.

Section D: Intervention:

The researchers prepared a lesson plan which was validated by subjects experts of the Community Medicine Department and the Community Health Nursing Department. And appropriate modifications were made according to expert’s opinion. The video was prepared by the researchers. The video instruction was shown to each family with the help of mobile phones.

Data Collection:

The study was conducted after getting permission from the institutional research committee, institutional ethical committee of Jubilee Mission College of nursing, Thrissur and permission from the authorities of selected community area. The data was collected by maintaining confidentiality and taking informed consent from the participants. The investigator met the participants individually and after obtaining the informed consent, the structured knowledge assessment questionnaire and practice check list was administered to participants through interview method. Thereafter video assisted teaching programme was given. Post test was assessed by using the same knowledge assessment questionnaire on the 7 th day and analysis done by descriptive and inferential statistics.

Hypotheses:

H₁: There is significant difference between pre and post test knowledge regarding vector borne diseases among people of selected community

H₂: There is a significant correlation between knowledge and practice regarding prevention of vector borne diseases among people of selected community

H₃: There is a significant association between selected demographic variable with knowledge and practice regarding prevention of vector borne diseases.

Ethical Consideration:

Permission was obtained from the research committee of Jubilee Mission College of Nursing, Thrissur. The informed consent obtained from the participants and confidentiality maintained

RESULTS:

Table -1 Socio demographic data n=100

Sl. No

Variable

Frequency (f)

Percentage (%)

Age

1)18-28

229-38

3)39-48

4)>49

Gender

1)Male

2)Female

3)Others, if specify

Family

1)Joint family

2)Nuclear family

3)Extended family

Religion

1)Christian

2)Hindu

3)Muslim

4)others

Educational Status

1) Primary education

2)Secondary education

3)Graduate

Marital Status

1)Married

2)Unmarried

3)Widow

4)Widower

Economical Status

1)APL

2)BPL

Locality of Living

1)Town

2)village

Water Sources

1)Public distribution

2)Own well

3)Others

Drainage System

1)Surface drainage

2)Under surface drainage

3)Others

Place of Dumping Waste

1)Own property

2)Public property

Media Of Knowledge

1)Newspaper

2)Television

3)Internet

Method of Disposal of Waste

1)Burning

2)Dumping

3)Composting

4)Others

Cleanliness of Locality

1)Yes

2)No

Frequency of Cleaning Water Storage

1)Once weekly

2)Once monthly

Any Infections

1)Yes

Dengue fever

2)N0

If Hospitalized

1)Yes

2)No

Table 2: Knowledge Score: Before Video Assisted Teaching Programme (n=100)

Sl. No	Domain	Good Knowledge		Average Knowledge		Poor Knowledge
Sl. No	Domain	f	%	f	%	f	%
1	Causes	43	43	54	54	3	3
2	Transmission	58	58	37	37	5	5
3	Signs and Symptoms	21	21	63	63	16	16
4	Prevention	69	69	29	29	2	2
5	Treatment	19	19	37	37	44	44
	Overall	9	9	70	70	21	21

Table-4 Knowledge Score, After Intervention (n=100)

Sl. No	Domain	Good Knowledge		Average knowledge		Poor knowledge
Sl. No	Domain	f	%	f	%	f	%
1	Causes	97	97	3	3	0	0
2	Transmission	94	94	5	5	1	1
3	Signs and Symptoms	88	88	11	11	1	1
4	Prevention	98	98	2	2	0	0
5	Treatment	93	93	4	4	3	3
	Overall	94	94	4	4	2	2

Table -6 Compare the knowledge and practice before and after Video assisted teaching program (n=100)

Variables	Intervention	Mean	Std. deviation	df	Mean diffrence	t value	P value
Knowledge about prevention of vector borne diseases	Before video assisted teaching program	20.60	4.969	99	11.43	23.002	<0.001
	After video assisted teaching program	32.03
Practice regarding prevention of vector borne diseases	Before video assisted teaching program	7.64	1.40	99	1.57	11.144	<0.001
	After video assisted teaching program	9.21

*** significant at 0.001 level

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

On pretest 9% have good knowledge, 70% have average knowledge, 21% have poor knowledge. On post test 94% have good knowledge, 4% have average knowledge, 2% have poor knowledge about prevention of vector bone diseases. Likewise on pretest of practice 55% have good practice, 42% have average practice, 3% have a poor practice regarding the prevention of vector diseases. On post test 100% have good practice. So, it is clear that there is a rise in post test knowledge and practice as compared to Pre test. Present study findings were supported by A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of the Structure Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Prevention of Vector Borne Disease among Adolescents of selected Village in Mehsana District⁹.

On finding the correlation between knowledge and practice (r value = 0.891, p value = 0.014) revealed that there is positive correlation. Therefore, as the knowledge level increases more favourable practice is observed among population. Study findings were supported by a study to assess the impact of knowledge and practices on prevention of chikungunya in an epidemic area in India.

There is significant association (p<0.05) between awareness and practice regarding prevention of vector borne diseases with selected socio demographic variable. The cleanliness of the locality (p-0.001) and dry day practice (p-0.034) is associated with the knowledge before video assisted instruction program. Present study findings were supported by a A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding malaria among people attending Mekaneeyesus Primary Hospital, South Gondar, Ethiopia¹ cross sectional study to assess knowledge attitude and practice towards Malaria among people attending Mekaneeyesus primary Hospital, South Gondal^10.

CONCLUSION:

Public people was less knowledge and practice regarding the prevention of vector borne diseases. After the intervention he knowledge level increases more favorable practice is observed among population.

RECOMMENDATION:

· A similar study can be conducted in another setting on large sample on large period of time.

· A follow up study can be conducted to assess the practice

· Similar study can be conducted as a longitudinal study to assess the knowledge and practices of the community.

· A Research to assess the factors that hinders the individual from practicing the knowledge they have gained can be conducted.

ETHICAL COMMITTEE APPROVAL:

Committee approval received from institutional ethical committee

AUTHORS CONTRIBUTION:

Researcher made video for awareness. Materials- self structured tools, public people socio demographic data. Writing Manuscript.

DECLARATION OF INTEREST:

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare

REFERENCES:

1. World Health Organization. Vector-borne diseases [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2024 [cited 2026 Mar 15]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/vector-borne-diseases

2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vector-borne diseases overview [Internet]. Atlanta: CDC; 2023 [cited 2026 Mar 15]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vector.

3. Gubler DJ. The global emergence and resurgence of arboviral diseases as public health problems. Arch Med Res. 2002; 33(4): 330–342.

4. Degroote S, Zinszer K. Interventions for vector-borne diseases focused on housing and hygiene in urban areas: a scoping review. PeerJ. 2018; 6: e5387. doi:10.7717/peerj.5387

5. World Health Organization. Water sanitation hygiene (WASH) [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2023 [cited 2026 Mar 15]. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/water-sanitation-and-hygiene

6. World Health Organization. Global vector control response 2017–2030 [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2017 [cited 2026 Mar 15]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241512978

7. Vanaja C, Sumodan PK. Mosquito-borne diseases in Kerala, India: An update. Int J Mosq Res. 2020;7(4):45–48.

8. Majra JP, Acharya D. Impact of knowledge and practices on prevention of chikungunya in an epidemic area in India. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2011; 4:3-6.

9. Rao GV. Study on awareness about vector-borne diseases and education about preventive measures in rural field practice areas of Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool [Internet]. ResearchGate; 2016 Jan 4 [cited 2026 Mar 15]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303456789

10. Flatie BT, Munshea A. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Malaria among People Attending Mekaneeyesus Primary Hospital, South Gondar, Northwestern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases. 2021 Dec 23; 2021: 6654876. doi: 10.1155/2021/5580715

11. Harma S, Kaur H. A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever among adults in a selected community. Asian J Nurs Educ Res. 2019; 9(2): 241-245.

12. Flatie BT, Munshea A. Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards malaria among people attending Mekaneeyesus Primary Hospital, South Gondar, Northwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2021; 2021: 6654876. doi:10.1155/2021/6654876

13. Gubler DJ. The global emergence and resurgence of arboviral diseases as public health problems. Arch Med Res. 2002; 33(4): 330–342.

14. Boratne AV, Datta SS, Singh Z, Senthilvel V, Joice YS. Predictors of knowledge of selected mosquito-borne diseases among adults of a peri-urban area of Puducherry. J Vector Borne Dis. 2010; 47(4): 249–256.

15. Castañeda-Orjuela C, et al. Multimedia educational interventions to improve knowledge of mosquito-borne diseases. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2024; 9(11): 256.

Received on 27.02.2026 Revised on 07.05.2026

Accepted on 17.06.2026 Published on 10.08.2026

Available online from August 14, 2026

Int. J. of Advances in Nursing Management. 2026;14(3):135-140.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2652.2026.00028

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Creative Commons License.

Sl No	Variables	Good practice		Average practice		Poor practice
Sl No	Variables	f	%	f	%	f	%
1	After Video Assisted Teaching Program	100	100	0	0	0	0